6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"

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6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

16b55a35cff91315d261d1baa776138af465c4e4fuankg<refentry>

16b55a35cff91315d261d1baa776138af465c4e4fuankg <refentryinfo>

16b55a35cff91315d261d1baa776138af465c4e4fuankg <date>January 20, 2009</date>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </refentryinfo>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refmeta>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refentrytitle><application>lwresd</application></refentrytitle>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </refmeta>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refnamediv>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refname><application>lwresd</application></refname>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refpurpose>lightweight resolver daemon</refpurpose>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </refnamediv>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <docinfo>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <copyright>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <year>2004</year>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <year>2005</year>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <year>2007</year>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <year>2008</year>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <year>2009</year>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </copyright>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <copyright>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <year>2000</year>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <year>2001</year>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </copyright>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </docinfo>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refsynopsisdiv>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <cmdsynopsis>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <command>lwresd</command>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-C <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></option></arg>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg <arg><option>-f</option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-g</option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-i <replaceable class="parameter">pid-file</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-P <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-s</option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-v</option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-4</option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <arg><option>-6</option></arg>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </cmdsynopsis>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg </refsynopsisdiv>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <refsect1>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <title>DESCRIPTION</title>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para><command>lwresd</command>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd is the daemon providing name lookup

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd services to clients that use the BIND 9 lightweight resolver

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd library. It is essentially a stripped-down, caching-only name

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd server that answers queries using the BIND 9 lightweight

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd resolver protocol rather than the DNS protocol.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para><command>lwresd</command>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd listens for resolver queries on a

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd UDP port on the IPv4 loopback interface, 127.0.0.1. This

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd means that <command>lwresd</command> can only be used by

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd processes running on the local machine. By default, UDP port

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd number 921 is used for lightweight resolver requests and

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd responses.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg Incoming lightweight resolver requests are decoded by the

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd server which then resolves them using the DNS protocol. When

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd the DNS lookup completes, <command>lwresd</command> encodes

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg the answers in the lightweight resolver format and returns

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd them to the client that made the request.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd If <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> contains any

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <option>nameserver</option> entries, <command>lwresd</command>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd sends recursive DNS queries to those servers. This is similar

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd to the use of forwarders in a caching name server. If no

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <option>nameserver</option> entries are present, or if

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd forwarding fails, <command>lwresd</command> resolves the

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd queries autonomously starting at the root name servers, using

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd a built-in list of root server hints.

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg </para>

0662ed52e814f8f08ef0e09956413a792584eddffuankg </refsect1>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg <refsect1>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <title>OPTIONS</title>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <variablelist>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-4</term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually

0662ed52e814f8f08ef0e09956413a792584eddffuankg exclusive.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

0662ed52e814f8f08ef0e09956413a792584eddffuankg <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-6</term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <option>-4</option> and <option>-6</option> are mutually

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd exclusive.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

0662ed52e814f8f08ef0e09956413a792584eddffuankg

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <!-- this is in source but not mentioned? does this matter? -->

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> as the

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg configuration file instead of the default,

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <filename>/etc/lwresd.conf</filename>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <!-- Should this be an absolute path name? -->

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <option>-c</option> can not be used with <option>-C</option>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-C <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable> as the

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd configuration file instead of the default,

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <option>-C</option> can not be used with <option>-c</option>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable></term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Set the daemon's debug level to <replaceable class="parameter">debug-level</replaceable>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Debugging traces from <command>lwresd</command> become

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd more verbose as the debug level increases.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-f</term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Run the server in the foreground (i.e. do not daemonize).

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-g</term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg Run the server in the foreground and force all logging

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd to <filename>stderr</filename>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-i <replaceable class="parameter">pid-file</replaceable></term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Use <replaceable class="parameter">pid-file</replaceable> as the

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd PID file instead of the default,

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <filename>/var/run/lwresd/lwresd.pid</filename>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-m <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg <listitem>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Turn on memory usage debugging flags. Possible flags are

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <replaceable class="parameter">usage</replaceable>,

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <replaceable class="parameter">trace</replaceable>,

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <replaceable class="parameter">record</replaceable>,

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <replaceable class="parameter">size</replaceable>, and

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg <replaceable class="parameter">mctx</replaceable>.

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <filename>&lt;isc/mem.h&gt;</filename>.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable></term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Create <replaceable class="parameter">#cpus</replaceable> worker threads

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd to take advantage of multiple CPUs. If not specified,

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <command>lwresd</command> will try to determine the

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd single worker thread will be created.

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg </para>

0662ed52e814f8f08ef0e09956413a792584eddffuankg </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <term>-P <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd Listen for lightweight resolver queries on port

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd not specified, the default is port 921.

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </para>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </listitem>

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd </varlistentry>

0662ed52e814f8f08ef0e09956413a792584eddffuankg

6bdda696b3ea703c47e87fea61017ec655f91d92nd <varlistentry>

ac7985784d08a3655291f24f711812b4d8b1cbcffuankg <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Send DNS lookups to port <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>. If not

specified, the default is port 53. This provides a

way of testing the lightweight resolver daemon with a

name server that listens for queries on a non-standard

port number.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-s</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Write memory usage statistics to <filename>stdout</filename>

on exit.

</para>

<note>

<para>

This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers

and may be removed or changed in a future release.

</para>

</note>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>Chroot

to <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable> after

processing the command line arguments, but before

reading the configuration file.

</para>

<warning>

<para>

This option should be used in conjunction with the

<option>-u</option> option, as chrooting a process

running as root doesn't enhance security on most

systems; the way <function>chroot(2)</function> is

defined allows a process with root privileges to

escape a chroot jail.

</para>

</warning>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-u <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable></term>

<listitem>

<para>Setuid

to <replaceable class="parameter">user</replaceable> after completing

privileged operations, such as creating sockets that

listen on privileged ports.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term>-v</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Report the version number and exit.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>FILES</title>

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename></term>

<listitem>

<para>

The default configuration file.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><filename>/var/run/lwresd.pid</filename></term>

<listitem>

<para>

The default process-id file.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>SEE ALSO</title>

<para><citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>named</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>lwres</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>,

<citerefentry>

<refentrytitle>resolver</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>

</citerefentry>.

</para>

</refsect1>

<refsect1>

<title>AUTHOR</title>

<para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>

</para>

</refsect1>

</refentry><!--