dnssec-keygen.docbook revision dde8659175c5798267fb0fdefd7576e4efe271b3
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268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein [<!ENTITY mdash "—">]>
dde8659175c5798267fb0fdefd7576e4efe271b3Automatic Updater - Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2007-2009 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
c651f15b30f1dae5cc2f00878fb5da5b3a35a468Mark Andrews - Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.
ec5347e2c775f027573ce5648b910361aa926c01Automatic Updater - Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
d4ef65050feac78554addf6e16a06c6e2e0bd331Brian Wellington - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
d4ef65050feac78554addf6e16a06c6e2e0bd331Brian Wellington - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
dafcb997e390efa4423883dafd100c975c4095d6Mark Andrews - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
dafcb997e390efa4423883dafd100c975c4095d6Mark Andrews - REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
dafcb997e390efa4423883dafd100c975c4095d6Mark Andrews - AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
dafcb997e390efa4423883dafd100c975c4095d6Mark Andrews - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
dafcb997e390efa4423883dafd100c975c4095d6Mark Andrews - LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
dafcb997e390efa4423883dafd100c975c4095d6Mark Andrews - OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
dafcb997e390efa4423883dafd100c975c4095d6Mark Andrews - PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
dde8659175c5798267fb0fdefd7576e4efe271b3Automatic Updater<!-- $Id: dnssec-keygen.docbook,v 1.24 2009/06/17 23:53:04 tbox Exp $ -->
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <refentryinfo>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </refentryinfo>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <refentrytitle><application>dnssec-keygen</application></refentrytitle>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <refname><application>dnssec-keygen</application></refname>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <refpurpose>DNSSEC key generation tool</refpurpose>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </refnamediv>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </copyright>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein </copyright>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <refsynopsisdiv>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <cmdsynopsis>
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt <arg><option>-a <replaceable class="parameter">algorithm</replaceable></option></arg>
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt <arg ><option>-b <replaceable class="parameter">keysize</replaceable></option></arg>
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt <arg><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">nametype</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></option></arg>
b0c15bd9792112fb47f6d956e580e4369e92f4e7Mark Andrews <arg><option>-f <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <arg><option>-g <replaceable class="parameter">generator</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">protocol</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <arg><option>-r <replaceable class="parameter">randomdev</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <arg><option>-s <replaceable class="parameter">strength</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <arg><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <arg><option>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></option></arg>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </cmdsynopsis>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </refsynopsisdiv>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535
561a29af8c54a216e7d30b5b4f6e0d21661654ecMark Andrews and RFC 4034. It can also generate keys for use with
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein TSIG (Transaction Signatures), as defined in RFC 2845.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <variablelist>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-a <replaceable class="parameter">algorithm</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Selects the cryptographic algorithm. The value of
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <option>algorithm</option> must be one of RSAMD5 (RSA) or RSASHA1,
6098d364b690cb9dabf96e9664c4689c8559bd2eMark Andrews DSA, NSEC3RSASHA1, NSEC3DSA, DH (Diffie Hellman), or HMAC-MD5.
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt These values are case insensitive. The default is RSASHA1 for
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt DNSSEC key generation.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Note 1: that for DNSSEC, RSASHA1 is a mandatory to implement
6098d364b690cb9dabf96e9664c4689c8559bd2eMark Andrews algorithm, and DSA is recommended. For TSIG, HMAC-MD5 is
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Note 2: HMAC-MD5 and DH automatically set the -k flag.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-b <replaceable class="parameter">keysize</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Specifies the number of bits in the key. The choice of key
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein size depends on the algorithm used. RSAMD5 / RSASHA1 keys must be
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt between 512 and 2048 bits. Diffie Hellman keys must be between
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein 128 and 4096 bits. DSA keys must be between 512 and 1024
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein bits and an exact multiple of 64. HMAC-MD5 keys must be
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein between 1 and 512 bits.
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt When generating a DNSSEC key with the default algorithm, this
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt value defaults to 1024, or 2048 if the KSK flag is set.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">nametype</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Specifies the owner type of the key. The value of
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <option>nametype</option> must either be ZONE (for a DNSSEC
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein zone key (KEY/DNSKEY)), HOST or ENTITY (for a key associated with
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein a host (KEY)),
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein USER (for a key associated with a user(KEY)) or OTHER (DNSKEY).
bf45f72ed319628eebce60c368177320943d001fMark Andrews These values are case insensitive. Defaults to ZONE for DNSKEY
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Indicates that the DNS record containing the key should have
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein the specified class. If not specified, class IN is used.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein If generating an RSAMD5/RSASHA1 key, use a large exponent.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
b0c15bd9792112fb47f6d956e580e4369e92f4e7Mark Andrews <varlistentry>
b0c15bd9792112fb47f6d956e580e4369e92f4e7Mark Andrews <term>-f <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Set the specified flag in the flag field of the KEY/DNSKEY record.
b272d38cc5d24f64c0647a9afb340c21c4b9aaf7Evan Hunt The only recognized flag is KSK (Key Signing Key) DNSKEY.
b0c15bd9792112fb47f6d956e580e4369e92f4e7Mark Andrews </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-g <replaceable class="parameter">generator</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein If generating a Diffie Hellman key, use this generator.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Allowed values are 2 and 5. If no generator
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein is specified, a known prime from RFC 2539 will be used
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein if possible; otherwise the default is 2.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
cc3aafe737334d444781f8a34ffaf459e075bb9aMark Andrews <varlistentry>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Generate KEY records rather than DNSKEY records.
cc3aafe737334d444781f8a34ffaf459e075bb9aMark Andrews </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">protocol</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Sets the protocol value for the generated key. The protocol
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein is a number between 0 and 255. The default is 3 (DNSSEC).
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Other possible values for this argument are listed in
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein RFC 2535 and its successors.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-r <replaceable class="parameter">randomdev</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Specifies the source of randomness. If the operating
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein system does not provide a <filename>/dev/random</filename>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein or equivalent device, the default source of randomness
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein is keyboard input. <filename>randomdev</filename>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein the name of a character device or file containing random
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein data to be used instead of the default. The special value
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <filename>keyboard</filename> indicates that keyboard
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein input should be used.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-s <replaceable class="parameter">strength</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Specifies the strength value of the key. The strength is
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein a number between 0 and 15, and currently has no defined
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein purpose in DNSSEC.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Indicates the use of the key. <option>type</option> must be
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein one of AUTHCONF, NOAUTHCONF, NOAUTH, or NOCONF. The default
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein is AUTHCONF. AUTH refers to the ability to authenticate
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein data, and CONF the ability to encrypt data.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <term>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></term>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Sets the debugging level.
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </varlistentry>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </variablelist>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein successfully,
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein it prints a string of the form <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii</filename>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein to the standard output. This is an identification string for
79399226b7bd15afb3e97fa9a5ea678359968997Mark Andrews the key it has generated.
8ffa8320abcc17ae593af566cb946a58fe293860Brian Wellington <itemizedlist>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para><filename>nnnn</filename> is the key name.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para><filename>aaa</filename> is the numeric representation
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para><filename>iiiii</filename> is the key identifier (or
8ffa8320abcc17ae593af566cb946a58fe293860Brian Wellington </itemizedlist>
561a29af8c54a216e7d30b5b4f6e0d21661654ecMark Andrews creates two files, with names based
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein on the printed string. <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key</filename>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein contains the public key, and
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private</filename> contains the
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein The <filename>.key</filename> file contains a DNS KEY record
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein can be inserted into a zone file (directly or with a $INCLUDE
561a29af8c54a216e7d30b5b4f6e0d21661654ecMark Andrews The <filename>.private</filename> file contains
561a29af8c54a216e7d30b5b4f6e0d21661654ecMark Andrews algorithm-specific
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein fields. For obvious security reasons, this file does not have
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein general read permission.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein Both <filename>.key</filename> and <filename>.private</filename>
561a29af8c54a216e7d30b5b4f6e0d21661654ecMark Andrews files are generated for symmetric encryption algorithms such as
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein HMAC-MD5, even though the public and private key are equivalent.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein To generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <userinput>example.com</userinput>, the following command would be
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para><userinput>dnssec-keygen -a DSA -b 768 -n ZONE example.com</userinput>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein The command would print a string of the form:
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para><userinput>Kexample.com.+003+26160</userinput>
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein In this example, <command>dnssec-keygen</command> creates
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein the files <filename>Kexample.com.+003+26160.key</filename>
561a29af8c54a216e7d30b5b4f6e0d21661654ecMark Andrews <filename>Kexample.com.+003+26160.private</filename>.
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <refentrytitle>dnssec-signzone</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington </citerefentry>,
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington <citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>,
268a4475065fe6a8cd7cc707820982cf5e98f430Rob Austein <para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>
0b062f4990db5cc6db2fe3398926f71b92a67407Brian Wellington - Local variables: