dig.html revision b6a370c37fd21719c81065f0ec028254ba10c835
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<!--
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater - Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Internet Software Consortium.
75c0816e8295e180f4bc7f10db3d0d880383bc1cMark Andrews -
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater - purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein -
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein - WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein-->
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</TITLE
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><H1
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="AEN1"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</A
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DIV
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="AEN8"
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><H2
ab8729140b1ad688ab03e1e9ce438fb1cbb49222Automatic Updater>Name</H2
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>dig&nbsp;--&nbsp;DNS lookup utility</DIV
75c0816e8295e180f4bc7f10db3d0d880383bc1cMark Andrews><DIV
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="AEN11"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><H2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>Synopsis</H2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><B
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic UpdaterCLASS="COMMAND"
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>dig</B
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater> [@server] [<TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic UpdaterCLASS="OPTION"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>-b <TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic UpdaterCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater><I
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>address</I
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater></TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater></TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>] [<TT
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>-c <TT
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark AndrewsCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><I
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>class</I
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater></TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater></TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>] [<TT
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>-f <TT
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>filename</I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater></TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>] [<TT
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1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>-k <TT
1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic UpdaterCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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1fdd2470b625a58b57d0b155e6caf8c4fc0afe8aAutomatic Updater>filename</I
58d9e9169e7ab4355a0b0bfc13bc616bc5247dfeAutomatic Updater></TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>] [<TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="OPTION"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>-p <TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>port#</I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TT
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater></TT
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>] [<TT
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60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>-t <TT
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ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater><I
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>type</I
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater></TT
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater></TT
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>] [<TT
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ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>-x <TT
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic UpdaterCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>addr</I
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater></TT
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater></TT
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>] [<TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="OPTION"
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>-y <TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="REPLACEABLE"
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater><I
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>name:key</I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TT
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews>] [name] [type] [class] [queryopt...]</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater><B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="COMMAND"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</B
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews> [<TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="OPTION"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>-h</TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>]</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater><B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="COMMAND"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> [global-queryopt...] [query...]</P
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater></DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="REFSECT1"
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater><A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="AEN51"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></A
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater><H2
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>DESCRIPTION</H2
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater><B
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic UpdaterCLASS="COMMAND"
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>dig</B
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater> (domain information groper) is a flexible tool
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinfor interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updaterdisplays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updaterwere queried. Most DNS administrators use <B
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic UpdaterCLASS="COMMAND"
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updater>dig</B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> to
ca67ebfe9eef0b8f04179f7e511a19e0337a5422Automatic Updatertroubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinclarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinthan <B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="COMMAND"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>.</P
a1ad6695ed6f988406cf155aa26376f84f73bcb9Automatic Updater><P
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater>Although <B
a1ad6695ed6f988406cf155aa26376f84f73bcb9Automatic UpdaterCLASS="COMMAND"
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater>dig</B
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater> is normally used with command-line
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinarguments, it also has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeinrequests from a file. A brief summary of its command-line arguments
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updaterand options is printed when the <TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="OPTION"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>-h</TT
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater> option is given.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinUnlike earlier versions, the BIND9 implementation of
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater<B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="COMMAND"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</B
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater> allows multiple lookups to be issued from the
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austeincommand line.</P
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater><P
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater>Unless it is told to query a specific name server,
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater<B
7208386cd37a2092c70eddf80cf29519b16c4c80Mark AndrewsCLASS="COMMAND"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</B
507151045be68c671ffd4e2f37e17cdfa0376fc4Automatic Updater> will try each of the servers listed in
507151045be68c671ffd4e2f37e17cdfa0376fc4Automatic Updater<TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="FILENAME"
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews>/etc/resolv.conf</TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>.</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater>When no command line arguments or options are given, will perform an
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNS query for "." (the root).</P
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater></DIV
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater><DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="REFSECT1"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinNAME="AEN65"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></A
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><H2
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater>SIMPLE USAGE</H2
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater><P
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater>A typical invocation of <B
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic UpdaterCLASS="COMMAND"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> looks like:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<PRE
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic UpdaterCLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews> dig @server name type </PRE
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater> where:
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DIV
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="VARIABLELIST"
4a14ce5ba00ab7bc55c99ffdcf59c7a4ab902721Automatic Updater><DL
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><TT
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark AndrewsCLASS="CONSTANT"
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews>server</TT
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews></DT
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews><DD
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews><P
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews>is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This can be an IPv4
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrewsaddress in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrewsaddress in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews<TT
922312472e2e05ebc64993d465999c5351b83036Automatic UpdaterCLASS="PARAMETER"
922312472e2e05ebc64993d465999c5351b83036Automatic Updater><I
922312472e2e05ebc64993d465999c5351b83036Automatic Updater>server</I
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater></TT
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater> argument is a hostname,
28b3569d6248168e6c00caab951521cc8141a49dAutomatic Updater<B
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark AndrewsCLASS="COMMAND"
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews>dig</B
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews> resolves that name before querying that name
2cbb4ab75757fbb656997a82c14ca07db37d481aAutomatic Updaterserver. If no <TT
2cbb4ab75757fbb656997a82c14ca07db37d481aAutomatic UpdaterCLASS="PARAMETER"
2cbb4ab75757fbb656997a82c14ca07db37d481aAutomatic Updater><I
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews>server</I
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews></TT
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews> argument is provided,
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews<B
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark AndrewsCLASS="COMMAND"
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews>dig</B
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews> consults <TT
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark AndrewsCLASS="FILENAME"
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews>/etc/resolv.conf</TT
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews>
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrewsand queries the name servers listed there. The reply from the name
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrewsserver that responds is displayed.</P
0c6ada0a814f3c5417daa1654129bc2af56ed504Automatic Updater></DD
0c6ada0a814f3c5417daa1654129bc2af56ed504Automatic Updater><DT
0c6ada0a814f3c5417daa1654129bc2af56ed504Automatic Updater><TT
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark AndrewsCLASS="CONSTANT"
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews>name</TT
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews></DT
71c66a876ecca77923638d3f94cc0783152b2f03Mark Andrews><DD
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews><P
9b469e3c59015b1a4899c9d8395168126fe094fdAutomatic Updater>is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up.</P
9b469e3c59015b1a4899c9d8395168126fe094fdAutomatic Updater></DD
9b469e3c59015b1a4899c9d8395168126fe094fdAutomatic Updater><DT
9b469e3c59015b1a4899c9d8395168126fe094fdAutomatic Updater><TT
9b469e3c59015b1a4899c9d8395168126fe094fdAutomatic UpdaterCLASS="CONSTANT"
9b469e3c59015b1a4899c9d8395168126fe094fdAutomatic Updater>type</TT
5a4557e8de2951a2796676b5ec4b6a90caa5be14Mark Andrews></DT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><DD
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>indicates what type of query is required &mdash;
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinANY, A, MX, SIG, etc.
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="PARAMETER"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>type</I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> can be any valid query type. If no
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="PARAMETER"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein><I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>type</I
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></TT
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> argument is supplied,
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein<B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob AusteinCLASS="COMMAND"
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein>dig</B
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein> will perform a lookup for an A record.</P
60e5e10f8d2e2b0c41e8abad38cacd867caa6ab2Rob Austein></DD
></DL
></DIV
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN94"
></A
><H2
>OPTIONS</H2
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-b</TT
> option sets the source IP address of the query
to <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>address</I
></TT
>. This must be a valid address on
one of the host's network interfaces.</P
><P
>The default query class (IN for internet) is overridden by the
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-c</TT
> option. <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>class</I
></TT
> is any valid
class, such as HS for Hesiod records or CH for CHAOSNET records.</P
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-f</TT
> option makes <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig </B
> operate
in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to process from the
file <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>filename</I
></TT
>. The file contains a number of
queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be organised in
the same way they would be presented as queries to
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> using the command-line interface.</P
><P
>If a non-standard port number is to be queried, the
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-p</TT
> option is used. <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>port#</I
></TT
> is
the port number that <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> will send its queries
instead of the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used
to test a name server that has been configured to listen for queries
on a non-standard port number.</P
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-t</TT
> option sets the query type to
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>type</I
></TT
>. It can be any valid query type which is
supported in BIND9. The default query type "A", unless the
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-x</TT
> option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup.
A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of AXFR. When
an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required,
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>type</I
></TT
> is set to <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>ixfr=N</TT
>.
The incremental zone transfer will contain the changes made to the zone
since the serial number in the zone's SOA record was
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>N</I
></TT
>.</P
><P
>Reverse lookups - mapping addresses to names - are simplified by the
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-x</TT
> option. <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>addr</I
></TT
> is an IPv4
address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
When this option is used, there is no need to provide the
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>name</I
></TT
>, <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>class</I
></TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>type</I
></TT
> arguments. <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
>
automatically performs a lookup for a name like
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</TT
> and sets the query type and
class to PTR and IN respectively. By default, IPv6 addresses are
looked up using the IP6.ARPA domain and binary labels as defined in
RFC2874. To use the older RFC1886 method using the IP6.INT domain and
"nibble" labels, specify the <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-n</TT
> (nibble) option.</P
><P
>To sign the DNS queries sent by <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> and their
responses using transaction signatures (TSIG), specify a TSIG key file
using the <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-k</TT
> option. You can also specify the TSIG
key itself on the command line using the <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-y</TT
> option;
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> is the name of the TSIG key and
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>key</I
></TT
> is the actual key. The key is a base-64
encoded string, typically generated by <SPAN
CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
><SPAN
CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
>dnssec-keygen</SPAN
>(8)</SPAN
>.
Caution should be taken when using the <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-y</TT
> option on
multi-user systems as the key can be visible in the output from
<SPAN
CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
><SPAN
CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
>ps</SPAN
>(1)</SPAN
> or in the shell's history file. When
using TSIG authentication with <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
>, the name
server that is queried needs to know the key and algorithm that is
being used. In BIND, this is done by providing appropriate
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>key</B
> and <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>server</B
> statements in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>named.conf</TT
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN144"
></A
><H2
>QUERY OPTIONS</H2
><P
><B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> provides a number of query options which affect
the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
and retry strategies.</P
><P
>Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
(<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>+</TT
>). Some keywords set or reset an option. These may be preceded
by the string <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>no</TT
> to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other
keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. They
have the form <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+keyword=value</TT
>.
The query options are:
<P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]tcp</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default
behaviour is to use UDP unless an AXFR or IXFR query is requested, in
which case a TCP connection is used.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]vc</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This alternate
syntax to <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+[no]tcp</I
></TT
> is provided for backwards
compatibility. The "vc" stands for "virtual circuit".</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]ignore</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying with TCP. By
default, TCP retries are performed.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+domain=somename</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Set the search list to contain the single domain
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>somename</I
></TT
>, as if specified in a
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>domain</B
> directive in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/resolv.conf</TT
>, and enable search list
processing as if the <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+search</I
></TT
> option were given.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]search</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Use [do not use] the search list defined by the searchlist or domain
directive in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>resolv.conf</TT
> (if any).
The search list is not used by default.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]defname</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Deprecated, treated as a synonym for <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+[no]search</I
></TT
></P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]aaonly</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>This option does nothing. It is provided for compatibilty with old
versions of <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> where it set an unimplemented
resolver flag.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]adflag</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the query. The AD bit
currently has a standard meaning only in responses, not in queries,
but the ability to set the bit in the query is provided for
completeness.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]cdflag</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query. This
requests the server to not perform DNSSEC validation of responses.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]recursive</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the query.
This bit is set by default, which means <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
>
normally sends recursive queries. Recursion is automatically disabled
when the <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+nssearch</I
></TT
> or
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+trace</I
></TT
> query options are used.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]nssearch</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>When this option is set, <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> attempts to find the
authoritative name servers for the zone containing the name being
looked up and display the SOA record that each name server has for the
zone.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]trace</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers for
the name being looked up. Tracing is disabled by default. When
tracing is enabled, <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> makes iterative queries to
resolve the name being looked up. It will follow referrals from the
root servers, showing the answer from each server that was used to
resolve the lookup.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]cmd</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>toggles the printing of the initial comment in the output identifying
the version of <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> and the query options that have
been applied. This comment is printed by default.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]short</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a
verbose form.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]identify</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number that supplied the
answer when the <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+short</I
></TT
> option is enabled. If
short form answers are requested, the default is not to show the
source address and port number of the server that provided the answer.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]comments</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default is to
print comments.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]stats</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>This query option toggles the printing of statistics: when the query
was made, the size of the reply and so on. The default behaviour is
to print the query statistics.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]qr</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Print [do not print] the query as it is sent.
By default, the query is not printed.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]question</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Print [do not print] the question section of a query when an answer is
returned. The default is to print the question section as a comment.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]answer</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Display [do not display] the answer section of a reply. The default
is to display it.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]authority</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Display [do not display] the authority section of a reply. The
default is to display it.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]additional</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Display [do not display] the additional section of a reply.
The default is to display it.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]all</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Set or clear all display flags.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+time=T</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;Sets the timeout for a query to
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>T</I
></TT
> seconds. The default time out is 5 seconds.
An attempt to set <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>T</I
></TT
> to less than 1 will result
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+tries=A</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to server to
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>T</I
></TT
> instead of the default, 3. If
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>T</I
></TT
> is less than or equal to zero, the number of
retries is silently rounded up to 1.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+ndots=D</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Set the number of dots that have to appear in
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> to <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>D</I
></TT
> for it to be
considered absolute. The default value is that defined using the
ndots statement in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/resolv.conf</TT
>, or 1 if no
ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as
relative names and will be searched for in the domains listed in the
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>search</TT
> or <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>domain</TT
> directive in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/resolv.conf</TT
>.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+bufsize=B</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0 to
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>B</I
></TT
> bytes. The maximum and minimum sizes of this
buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively. Values outside this range are
rounded up or down appropriately.</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+[no]multiline</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Print records like the SOA records in a verbose multi-line
format with human-readable comments. The default is to print
each record on a single line, to facilitate machine parsing
of the <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> output.</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
>&#13;</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN320"
></A
><H2
>MULTIPLE QUERIES</H2
><P
>The BIND 9 implementation of <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig </B
> supports
specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to
supporting the <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-f</TT
> batch file option). Each of those
queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options and query
options.</P
><P
>In this case, each <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>query</I
></TT
> argument represent an
individual query in the command-line syntax described above. Each
consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be
looked up, an optional query type and class and any query options that
should be applied to that query.</P
><P
>A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries,
can also be supplied. These global query options must precede the
first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options
supplied on the command line. Any global query options can be
overridden by a query-specific set of query options. For example:
<PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr</PRE
>
shows how <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> could be used from the command line
to make three lookups: an ANY query for <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>www.isc.org</TT
>, a
reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1 and a query for the NS records of
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>isc.org</TT
>.
A global query option of <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+qr</I
></TT
> is applied, so
that <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
> shows the initial query it made for each
lookup. The final query has a local query option of
<TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>+noqr</I
></TT
> which means that <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dig</B
>
will not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>isc.org</TT
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN337"
></A
><H2
>FILES</H2
><P
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/resolv.conf</TT
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN341"
></A
><H2
>SEE ALSO</H2
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
><SPAN
CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
>host</SPAN
>(1)</SPAN
>,
<SPAN
CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
><SPAN
CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
>named</SPAN
>(8)</SPAN
>,
<SPAN
CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
><SPAN
CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
>dnssec-keygen</SPAN
>(8)</SPAN
>,
<I
CLASS="CITETITLE"
>RFC1035</I
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN354"
></A
><H2
>BUGS </H2
><P
>There are probably too many query options. </P
></DIV
></BODY
></HTML
>