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51853aa2ebfdf9903a094467e1d02099f143639daaron<title>named-checkzone</title>
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a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry">
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<a name="man.named-checkzone"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<div class="refnamediv">
d2a771c01de1a39b6f6770d9edd8b271d8e4f10eerikabele<h2>Name</h2>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<p><span class="application">named-checkzone</span>, <span class="application">named-compilezone</span> &#8212; zone file validity checking or converting tool</p>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd</div>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<h2>Synopsis</h2>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-checkzone</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-J <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] {zonename} {filename}</p></div>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">named-compilezone</code> [<code class="option">-d</code>] [<code class="option">-j</code>] [<code class="option">-q</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-C <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-J <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></code>] [<code class="option">-D</code>] [<code class="option">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></code>] {<code class="option">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>} {zonename} {filename}</p></div>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive</div>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<div class="refsection">
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<a name="id-1.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<p><span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive checks the syntax and integrity of a zone file. It performs the
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive same checks as <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> does when loading a
d2a771c01de1a39b6f6770d9edd8b271d8e4f10eerikabele zone. This makes <span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span> useful for
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive checking zone files before configuring them into a name server.
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd </p>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd<p>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd <span class="command"><strong>named-compilezone</strong></span> is similar to
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive <span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>, but it always dumps the
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive zone contents to a specified file in a specified format.
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive Additionally, it applies stricter check levels by default,
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive since the dump output will be used as an actual zone file
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive loaded by <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>.
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive When manually specified otherwise, the check levels must at
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive least be as strict as those specified in the
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span> configuration file.
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive </p>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive</div>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<div class="refsection">
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<a name="id-1.8"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2>
d2a771c01de1a39b6f6770d9edd8b271d8e4f10eerikabele<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<dt><span class="term">-d</span></dt>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd<dd><p>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd Enable debugging.
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd </p></dd>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive<dd><p>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive Print the usage summary and exit.
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive </p></dd>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive<dt><span class="term">-q</span></dt>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive<dd><p>
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive Quiet mode - exit code only.
a27e9e05958bc51ea09edb8d8d862fe8b125313bslive </p></dd>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive<dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt>
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx<dd><p>
d2a771c01de1a39b6f6770d9edd8b271d8e4f10eerikabele Print the version of the <span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx program and exit.
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd </p></dd>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd<dt><span class="term">-j</span></dt>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd<dd><p>
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx When loading a zone file, read the journal if it exists.
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx The journal file name is assumed to be the zone file name
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx appended with the string <code class="filename">.jnl</code>.
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx </p></dd>
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx<dt><span class="term">-J <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></span></dt>
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx<dd><p>
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx When loading the zone file read the journal from the given
cd51960ffc0f49d7a9e702162ed49b3eb0909276dirkx file, if it exists. (Implies -j.)
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive </p></dd>
d2a771c01de1a39b6f6770d9edd8b271d8e4f10eerikabele<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive<dd><p>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd Specify the class of the zone. If not specified, "IN" is assumed.
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd </p></dd>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd<dt><span class="term">-i <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive<dd>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive<p>
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive Perform post-load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive <span class="command"><strong>"full"</strong></span> (default),
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive <span class="command"><strong>"full-sibling"</strong></span>,
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive <span class="command"><strong>"local"</strong></span>,
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive <span class="command"><strong>"local-sibling"</strong></span> and
222f0f03c2f9ee6343c18f80f0cb6e9aad21bc58slive <span class="command"><strong>"none"</strong></span>.
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele </p>
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele<p>
d2a771c01de1a39b6f6770d9edd8b271d8e4f10eerikabele Mode <span class="command"><strong>"full"</strong></span> checks that MX records
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd hostnames). Mode <span class="command"><strong>"local"</strong></span> only
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd checks MX records which refer to in-zone hostnames.
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd </p>
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele<p>
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele Mode <span class="command"><strong>"full"</strong></span> checks that SRV records
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele hostnames). Mode <span class="command"><strong>"local"</strong></span> only
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele checks SRV records which refer to in-zone hostnames.
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele </p>
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele<p>
1f2a7403f1389cbf2da0a53a2b2fb425dea75506erikabele Mode <span class="command"><strong>"full"</strong></span> checks that delegation NS
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele records refer to A or AAAA record (both in-zone and out-of-zone
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele hostnames). It also checks that glue address records
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele in the zone match those advertised by the child.
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele Mode <span class="command"><strong>"local"</strong></span> only checks NS records which
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd refer to in-zone hostnames or that some required glue exists,
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd that is when the nameserver is in a child zone.
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd </p>
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele<p>
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele Mode <span class="command"><strong>"full-sibling"</strong></span> and
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele <span class="command"><strong>"local-sibling"</strong></span> disable sibling glue
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele checks but are otherwise the same as <span class="command"><strong>"full"</strong></span>
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele and <span class="command"><strong>"local"</strong></span> respectively.
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele </p>
81622596373177e079337e956f7a5800895443b3erikabele<p>
ef685e00a47967e27d89709461728a229d762172nd Mode <span class="command"><strong>"none"</strong></span> disables the checks.
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele </p>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele</dd>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele<dt><span class="term">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></span></dt>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele<dd><p>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele Specify the format of the zone file.
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele Possible formats are <span class="command"><strong>"text"</strong></span> (default),
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele <span class="command"><strong>"raw"</strong></span>, and <span class="command"><strong>"map"</strong></span>.
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele </p></dd>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele<dt><span class="term">-F <em class="replaceable"><code>format</code></em></span></dt>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele<dd>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele<p>
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele Specify the format of the output file specified.
f0eae6f6191f5730fa8db049f7391e93b4ff41b9erikabele For <span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>,
this does not cause any effects unless it dumps the zone
contents.
</p>
<p>
Possible formats are <span class="command"><strong>"text"</strong></span> (default),
which is the standard textual representation of the zone,
and <span class="command"><strong>"map"</strong></span>, <span class="command"><strong>"raw"</strong></span>,
and <span class="command"><strong>"raw=N"</strong></span>, which store the zone in a
binary format for rapid loading by <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>.
<span class="command"><strong>"raw=N"</strong></span> specifies the format version of
the raw zone file: if N is 0, the raw file can be read by
any version of <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>; if N is 1, the file
can be read by release 9.9.0 or higher; the default is 1.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term">-k <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Perform <span class="command"><strong>"check-names"</strong></span> checks with the
specified failure mode.
Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"fail"</strong></span>
(default for <span class="command"><strong>named-compilezone</strong></span>),
<span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span>
(default for <span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>) and
<span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-l <em class="replaceable"><code>ttl</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Sets a maximum permissible TTL for the input file.
Any record with a TTL higher than this value will cause
the zone to be rejected. This is similar to using the
<span class="command"><strong>max-zone-ttl</strong></span> option in
<code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-L <em class="replaceable"><code>serial</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
When compiling a zone to "raw" or "map" format, set the
"source serial" value in the header to the specified serial
number. (This is expected to be used primarily for testing
purposes.)
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-m <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify whether MX records should be checked to see if they
are addresses. Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"fail"</strong></span>,
<span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
<span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-M <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Check if a MX record refers to a CNAME.
Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"fail"</strong></span>,
<span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
<span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-n <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify whether NS records should be checked to see if they
are addresses.
Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"fail"</strong></span>
(default for <span class="command"><strong>named-compilezone</strong></span>),
<span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span>
(default for <span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>) and
<span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-o <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Write zone output to <code class="filename">filename</code>.
If <code class="filename">filename</code> is <code class="filename">-</code> then
write to standard out.
This is mandatory for <span class="command"><strong>named-compilezone</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-r <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Check for records that are treated as different by DNSSEC but
are semantically equal in plain DNS.
Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"fail"</strong></span>,
<span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
<span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-s <em class="replaceable"><code>style</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify the style of the dumped zone file.
Possible styles are <span class="command"><strong>"full"</strong></span> (default)
and <span class="command"><strong>"relative"</strong></span>.
The full format is most suitable for processing
automatically by a separate script.
On the other hand, the relative format is more
human-readable and is thus suitable for editing by hand.
For <span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>
this does not cause any effects unless it dumps the zone
contents.
It also does not have any meaning if the output format
is not text.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Check if a SRV record refers to a CNAME.
Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"fail"</strong></span>,
<span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span> (default) and
<span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Chroot to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
include
directives in the configuration file are processed as if
run by a similarly chrooted <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-T <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Check if Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records exist
and issues a warning if an SPF-formatted TXT record is
not also present. Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span>
(default), <span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-w <em class="replaceable"><code>directory</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
chdir to <code class="filename">directory</code> so that
relative
filenames in master file $INCLUDE directives work. This
is similar to the directory clause in
<code class="filename">named.conf</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-D</span></dt>
<dd><p>
Dump zone file in canonical format.
This is always enabled for <span class="command"><strong>named-compilezone</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">-W <em class="replaceable"><code>mode</code></em></span></dt>
<dd><p>
Specify whether to check for non-terminal wildcards.
Non-terminal wildcards are almost always the result of a
failure to understand the wildcard matching algorithm (RFC 1034).
Possible modes are <span class="command"><strong>"warn"</strong></span> (default)
and
<span class="command"><strong>"ignore"</strong></span>.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">zonename</span></dt>
<dd><p>
The domain name of the zone being checked.
</p></dd>
<dt><span class="term">filename</span></dt>
<dd><p>
The name of the zone file.
</p></dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.9"></a><h2>RETURN VALUES</h2>
<p><span class="command"><strong>named-checkzone</strong></span>
returns an exit status of 1 if
errors were detected and 0 otherwise.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.10"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8)</span>,
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">named-checkconf</span>(8)</span>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC 1035</em>,
<em class="citetitle">BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</em>.
</p>
</div>
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