README revision 823ccd1f02802966395d58c916e9f988320fd6ee
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 1. Introduction
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 2. Reporting bugs and getting help
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 3. Contributing to BIND
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 4. BIND 9.11 features
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 5. Building BIND
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 6. Compile-time options
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 7. Automated testing
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 8. Documentation
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 9. Change log
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User10. Acknowledgments
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) is a complete, highly portable
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userimplementation of the DNS (Domain Name System) protocol.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserThe BIND name server, named, is able to serve as an authoritative name
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userserver, recursive resolver, DNS forwarder, or all three simultaneously. It
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userimplements views for split-horizon DNS, automatic DNSSEC zone signing and
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userkey management, catalog zones to facilitate provisioning of zone data
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userthroughout a name server constellation, response policy zones (RPZ) to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userprotect clients from malicious data, response rate limiting (RRL) and
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userrecursive query limits to reduce distributed denial of service attacks,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userand many other advanced DNS features. BIND also includes a suite of
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useradministrative tools, including the dig and delv DNS lookup tools,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usernsupdate for dynamic DNS zone updates, rndc for remote name server
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useradministration, and more.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBIND 9 is a complete re-write of the BIND architecture that was used in
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userversions 4 and 8. Internet Systems Consortium (https://www.isc.org), a 501
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User(c)(3) public benefit corporation dedicated to providing software and
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userservices in support of the Internet infrastructure, developed BIND 9 and
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useris responsible for its ongoing maintenance and improvement. BIND is open
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersource software licenced under the terms of the Mozilla Public License,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserFor a summary of features introduced in past major releases of BIND, see
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userthe file HISTORY.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserFor a detailed list of changes made throughout the history of BIND 9, see
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userthe file CHANGES. See below for details on the CHANGES file format.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserFor up-to-date release notes and errata, see http://www.isc.org/software/
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserReporting bugs and getting help
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserPlease report assertion failure errors and suspected security issues to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersecurity-officer@isc.org.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserGeneral bug reports can be sent to bind9-bugs@isc.org.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserFeature requests can be sent to bind-suggest@isc.org.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserPlease note that, while ISC's ticketing system is not currently publicly
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userreadable, this may change in the future. Please do not include information
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userin bug reports that you consider to be confidential. For example, when
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersending the contents of your configuration file, it is advisable to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userobscure key secrets; this can be done automatically by using
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usernamed-checkconf -px.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserProfessional support and training for BIND are available from ISC at
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo join the BIND Users mailing list, or view the archives, visit https://
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserIf you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source code, you may
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useralso want to join the BIND Workers mailing list, at https://lists.isc.org/
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserContributing to BIND
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserA public git repository for BIND is maintained at http://www.isc.org/git/,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userand also on Github at https://github.com/isc-projects.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserInformation for BIND contributors can be found in the following files: -
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserGeneral information: doc/dev/contrib.md - BIND 9 code style: doc/dev/
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userstyle.md - BIND architecture and developer guide: doc/dev/dev.md
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserPatches for BIND may be submitted either as Github pull requests or via
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useremail. When submitting a patch via email, please prepend the subject
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userheader with "[PATCH]" so it will be easier for us to find. If your patch
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userintroduces a new feature in BIND, please submit it to bind-suggest@isc.org
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User; if it fixes a bug, please submit it to bind9-bugs@isc.org.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBIND 9.11 features
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBIND 9.11.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.10 and earlier
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userreleases. New features include:
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Added support for Catalog Zones, a new method for provisioning
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User servers: a list of zones to be served is stored in a DNS zone, along
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User with their configuration parameters. Changes to the catalog zone are
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User propagated to slaves via normal AXFR/IXFR, whereupon the zones that
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User are listed in it are automatically added, deleted or reconfigured.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Added support for "dnstap", a fast and flexible method of capturing
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User and logging DNS traffic.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Added support for "dyndb", a new API for loading zone data from an
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User external database, developed by Red Hat for the FreeIPA project.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * "fetchlimit" quotas are now compiled in by default. These are for the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User use of recursive resolvers that are are under high query load for
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User domains whose authoritative servers are nonresponsive or are
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User experiencing a denial of service attack:
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User + fetches-per-server limits the number of simultaneous queries that
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User can be sent to any single authoritative server. The configured
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User value is a starting point; it is automatically adjusted downward
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User if the server is partially or completely non-responsive. The
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User algorithm used to adjust the quota can be configured via the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User "fetch-quota-params" option.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User + fetches-per-zone limits the number of simultaneous queries that
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User can be sent for names within a single domain. (Note: Unlike
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User fetches-per-server, this value is not self-tuning.)
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User + New stats counters have been added to count queries spilled due to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User these quotas.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Added a new dnssec-keymgr key mainenance utility, which can generate
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User or update keys as needed to ensure that a zone's keys match a defined
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User DNSSEC policy.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The experimental "SIT" feature in BIND 9.10 has been renamed "COOKIE"
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User and is no longer optional. EDNS COOKIE is a mechanism enabling clients
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User to detect off-path spoofed responses, and servers to detect
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User spoofed-source queries. Clients that identify themselves using COOKIE
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User options are not subject to response rate limiting (RRL) and can
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User receive larger UDP responses.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * SERVFAIL responses can now be cached for a limited time (defaulting to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 1 second, with an upper limit of 30). This can reduce the frequency of
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User retries when a query is persistently failing.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Added an nsip-wait-recurse switch to RPZ. This causes NSIP rules to be
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User skipped if a name server IP address isn't in the cache yet; the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User address will be looked up and the rule will be applied on future
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Added a Python RNDC module. This allows multiple commands to sent over
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User a persistent RNDC channel, which saves time.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The controls block in named.conf can now grant read-only rndc access
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User to specified clients or keys. Read-only clients could, for example,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User check rndc status but could not reconfigure or shut down the server.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * rndc commands can now return arbitrarily large amounts of text to the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The zone serial number of a dynamically updatable zone can now be set
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User via rndc signing -serial <number> <zonename>. This allows
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User inline-signing zones to be set to a specific serial number.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The new rndc nta command can be used to set a Negative Trust Anchor
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User (NTA), disabling DNSSEC validation for a specific domain; this can be
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User used when responses from a domain are known to be failing validation
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User due to administrative error rather than because of a spoofing attack.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Negative trust anchors are strictly temporary; by default they expire
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User after one hour, but can be configured to last up to one week.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * rndc delzone can now be used on zones that were not originally created
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User by "rndc addzone".
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * rndc modzone reconfigures a single zone, without requiring the entire
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User server to be reconfigured.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * rndc showzone displays the current configuration of a zone.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * rndc managed-keys can be used to check the status of RFC 5001 managed
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User trust anchors, or to force trust anchors to be refreshed.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * max-cache-size can now be set to a percentage of available memory. The
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User default is 90%.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Update forwarding performance has been improved by allowing a single
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User TCP connection to be shared by multiple updates.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The EDNS Client Subnet (ECS) option is now supported for authoritative
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User servers; if a query contains an ECS option then ACLs containing geoip
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User or ecs elements can match against the the address encoded in the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User option. This can be used to select a view for a query, so that
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User different answers can be provided depending on the client network.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The EDNS EXPIRE option has been implemented on the client side,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User allowing a slave server to set the expiration timer correctly when
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User transferring zone data from another slave server.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The key generation and manipulation tools (dnssec-keygen,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User dnssec-settime, dnssec-importkey, dnssec-keyfromlabel) now take -Psync
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User and -Dsync options to set the publication and deletion times of CDS
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User and CDNSKEY parent-synchronization records. Both named and
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User dnssec-signzone can now publish and remove these records at the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User scheduled times.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * A new minimal-any option reduces the size of UDP responses for query
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User type ANY by returning a single arbitrarily selected RRset instead of
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * A new masterfile-style zone option controls the formatting of text
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User zone files: When set to full, a zone file is dumped in
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User single-line-per-record format.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * serial-update-method can now be set to date. On update, the serial
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User number will be set to the current date in YYYYMMDDNN format.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * dnssec-signzone -N date sets the serial number to YYYYMMDDNN.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * named -L <filename> causes named to send log messages to the specified
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User file by default instead of to the system log.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * dig +ttlunits prints TTL values with time-unit suffixes: w, d, h, m, s
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User for weeks, days, hours, minutes, and seconds.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * dig +unknownformat prints dig output in RFC 3597 "unknown record"
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User presentation format.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * dig +ednsopt allows dig to set arbitrary EDNS options on requests.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * dig +ednsflags allows dig to set yet-to-be-defined EDNS flags on
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * mdig is an alternate version of dig which sends multiple pipelined TCP
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User queries to a server. Instead of waiting for a response after sending a
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User query, it sends all queries immediately and displays responses in the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User order received.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * serial-query-rate no longer controls NOTIFY messages. These are
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User separately controlled by notify-rate and startup-notify-rate.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * nsupdate now performs check-names processing by default on records to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User be added. This can be disabled with check-names no.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The statistics channel now supports DEFLATE compression, reducing the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User size of the data sent over the network when querying statistics.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * New counters have been added to the statistics channel to track the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User sizes of incoming queries and outgoing responses in histogram buckets,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User as specified in RSSAC002.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * A new NXDOMAIN redirect method (option nxdomain-redirect) has been
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User added, allowing redirection to a specified DNS namespace instead of a
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User single redirect zone.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * When starting up, named now ensures that no other named process is
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User already running.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * Files created by named to store information, including mkeys and nzf
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User files, are now named after their corresponding views unless the view
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User name contains characters incompatible with use as a filename. Old
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User style filenames (based on the hash of the view name) will still work.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBIND 9.11.1 is a maintenance release, and addresses the security flaws
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userdisclosed in CVE-2016-6170, CVE-2016-8864, CVE-2016-9131, CVE-2016-9147,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserCVE-2016-9444, CVE-2016-9778, CVE-2017-3135, CVE-2017-3136, CVE-2017-3137
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userand CVE-2017-3138.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBIND requires a UNIX or Linux system with an ANSI C compiler, basic POSIX
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersupport, and a 64-bit integer type. Successful builds have been observed
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useron many versions of Linux and UNIX, including RedHat, Fedora, Debian,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserUbuntu, SuSE, Slackware, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Mac OS X, Solaris,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserHP-UX, AIX, SCO OpenServer, and OpenWRT.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBIND is also available for Windows XP, 2003, 2008, and higher. See
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userwin32utils/readme1st.txt for details on building for Windows systems.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo build on a UNIX or Linux system, use:
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User $ ./configure
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserIf you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you should run
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usermake depend. If you're using Emacs, you might find make tags helpful.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserSeveral environment variables that can be set before running configure
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userwill affect compilation:
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserVariable Description
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserCC The C compiler to use. configure tries to figure out the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User right one for supported systems.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User C compiler flags. Defaults to include -g and/or -O2 as
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserCFLAGS supported by the compiler. Please include '-g' if you need
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User to set CFLAGS.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User System header file directories. Can be used to specify
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserSTD_CINCLUDES where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Defaults to empty string.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserSTD_CDEFINES Defaults to empty string. For a list of possible settings,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User see the file OPTIONS.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserLDFLAGS Linker flags. Defaults to empty string.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBUILD_CC Needed when cross-compiling: the native C compiler to use
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User when building for the target system.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBUILD_CFLAGS Optional, used for cross-compiling
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserBUILD_CPPFLAGS
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserCompile-time options
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo see a full list of configuration options, run configure --help.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserOn most platforms, BIND 9 is built with multithreading support, allowing
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userit to take advantage of multiple CPUs. You can configure this by
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userspecifying --enable-threads or --disable-threads on the configure command
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userline. The default is to enable threads, except on some older operating
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersystems on which threads are known to have had problems in the past.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User(Note: Prior to BIND 9.10, the default was to disable threads on Linux
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersystems; this has now been reversed. On Linux systems, the threaded build
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useris known to change BIND's behavior with respect to file permissions; it
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usermay be necessary to specify a user with the -u option when running named.)
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo build shared libraries, specify --with-libtool on the configure command
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserCertain compiled-in constants and default settings can be increased to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Uservalues better suited to large servers with abundant memory resources (e.g,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User64-bit servers with 12G or more of memory) by specifying --with-tuning=
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userlarge on the configure command line. This can improve performance on big
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userservers, but will consume more memory and may degrade performance on
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersmaller systems.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserFor the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it with crypto
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usersupport. To use OpenSSL, you should have OpenSSL 1.0.2e or newer
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userinstalled. If the OpenSSL library is installed in a nonstandard location,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userspecify the prefix using "--with-openssl=/prefix" on the configure command
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userline. To use a PKCS#11 hardware service module for cryptographic
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useroperations, specify the path to the PKCS#11 provider library using
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User"--with-pkcs11=/prefix", and configure BIND with "--enable-native-pkcs11".
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo support the HTTP statistics channel, the server must be linked with at
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userleast one of the following: libxml2 http://xmlsoft.org or json-c https://
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usergithub.com/json-c. If these are installed at a nonstandard location,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userspecify the prefix using --with-libxml2=/prefix or --with-libjson=/prefix.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo support compression on the HTTP statistics channel, the server must be
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userlinked against libzlib. If this is installed in a nonstandard location,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userspecify the prefix using --with-zlib=/prefix.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo support storing configuration data for runtime-added zones in an LMDB
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userdatabase, the server must be linked with liblmdb. If this is installed in
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usera nonstandard location, specify the prefix using "with-lmdb=/prefix".
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserTo support GeoIP location-based ACLs, the server must be linked with
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserlibGeoIP. This is not turned on by default; BIND must be configured with
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User"--with-geoip". If the library is installed in a nonstandard location, use
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userspecify the prefix using "--with-geoip=/prefix".
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserFor DNSTAP packet logging, you must have libfstrm https://github.com/
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userfarsightsec/fstrm and libprotobuf-c https://developers.google.com/
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userprotocol-buffers, and BIND must be configured with "--enable-dnstap".
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserPython requires the 'argparse' and 'ply' modules to be available.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User'argparse' is a standard module as of Python 2.7 and Python 3.2. 'ply' is
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useravailable from https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ply.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserOn some platforms it is necessary to explicitly request large file support
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userto handle files bigger than 2GB. This can be done by using
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User--enable-largefile on the configure command line.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserSupport for the "fixed" rrset-order option can be enabled or disabled by
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userspecifying --enable-fixed-rrset or --disable-fixed-rrset on the configure
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usercommand line. By default, fixed rrset-order is disabled to reduce memory
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserIf your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it will be used
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userautomatically. If you have installed KAME IPv6 separately, use --with-kame
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[=PATH] to specify its location.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usermake install will install named and the various BIND 9 libraries. By
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userdefault, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed with the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User--prefix option when running configure.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserYou may specify the option --sysconfdir to set the directory where
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userconfiguration files like named.conf go by default, and --localstatedir to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userset the default parent directory of run/named.pid. For backwards
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usercompatibility with BIND 8, --sysconfdir defaults to /etc and
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User--localstatedir defaults to /var if no --prefix option is given. If there
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useris a --prefix option, sysconfdir defaults to $prefix/etc and localstatedir
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserAutomated testing
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserA system test suite can be run with make test. The system tests require
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Useryou to configure a set of virtual IP addresses on your system (this allows
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Usermultiple servers to run locally and communicate with one another). These
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserIP addresses can be configured by by running the script bin/tests/system/
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserSome tests require Perl and the Net::DNS and/or IO::Socket::INET6 modules,
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userand will be skipped if these are not available. Some tests require Python
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userand the 'dnspython' module and will be skipped if these are not available.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserSee bin/tests/system/README for further details.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserUnit tests are implemented using Automated Testing Framework (ATF). To run
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userthem, use configure --with-atf, then run make test or make unit.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserThe BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the source
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userdistribution, in DocBook XML, HTML and PDF format, in the doc/arm
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserSome of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages in their
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userdirectories. In particular, the command line options of named are
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserFrequently (and not-so-frequently) asked questions and their answers can
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userbe found in the ISC Knowledge Base at https://kb.isc.org.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserAdditional information on various subjects can be found in other README
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userfiles throughout the source tree.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserA detailed list of all changes that have been made throughout the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userdevelopment BIND 9 is included in the file CHANGES, with the most recent
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userchanges listed first. Change notes include tags indicating the category of
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userthe change that was made; these categories are:
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserCategory Description
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[func] New feature
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[bug] General bug fix
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[security] Fix for a significant security flaw
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[experimental] Used for new features when the syntax or other aspects of
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User the design are still in flux and may change
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[port] Portability enhancement
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[maint] Updates to built-in data such as root server addresses and
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[tuning] Changes to built-in configuration defaults and constants to
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User improve performance
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[performance] Other changes to improve server performance
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[protocol] Updates to the DNS protocol such as new RR types
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[test] Changes to the automatic tests, not affecting server
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User functionality
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[cleanup] Minor corrections and refactoring
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[doc] Documentation
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[contrib] Changes to the contributed tools and libraries in the
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User 'contrib' subdirectory
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Used in the master development branch to reserve change
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User[placeholder] numbers for use in other branches, e.g. when fixing a bug
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User that only exists in older releases
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserIn general, [func] and [experimental] tags will only appear in new-feature
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userreleases (i.e., those with version numbers ending in zero). Some new
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox Userfunctionality may be backported to older releases on a case-by-case basis.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserAll other change types may be applied to all currently-supported releases.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox UserAcknowledgments
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * The original development of BIND 9 was underwritten by the following
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User organizations:
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Sun Microsystems, Inc.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Hewlett Packard
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Compaq Computer Corporation
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Process Software Corporation
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Silicon Graphics, Inc.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Network Associates, Inc.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User USENIX Association
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Stichting NLnet - NLnet Foundation
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User Nominum, Inc.
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. http://www.OpenSSL.org/
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User (eay@cryptsoft.com)
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User * This product includes software written by Tim Hudson
0fc4b96b2b7f8cb79c3a1f41c53534acacbf6451Tinderbox User (tjh@cryptsoft.com)