HISTORY.md revision 59663800d2ec04777dae2791dd92aa563faf94c8
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### Functional enhancements from prior major releases of BIND 9
#### BIND 9.10.0
BIND 9.10.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.9 and earlier
releases. New features include:
- DNS Response-rate limiting (DNS RRL), which blunts the
impact of reflection and amplification attacks, is always
compiled in and no longer requires a compile-time option
to enable it.
- An experimental "Source Identity Token" (SIT) EDNS option
is now available. Similar to DNS Cookies as invented by
Donald Eastlake 3rd, these are designed to enable clients
to detect off-path spoofed responses, and to enable servers
to detect spoofed-source queries. Servers can be configured
to send smaller responses to clients that have not identified
themselves using a SIT option, reducing the effectiveness of
amplification attacks. RRL processing has also been updated;
clients proven to be legitimate via SIT are not subject to
rate limiting. Use "configure --enable-sit" to enable this
feature in BIND.
- A new zone file format, "map", stores zone data in a
format that can be mapped directly into memory, allowing
significantly faster zone loading.
- "delv" (domain entity lookup and validation) is a new tool
with dig-like semantics for looking up DNS data and performing
internal DNSSEC validation. This allows easy validation in
environments where the resolver may not be trustworthy, and
assists with troubleshooting of DNSSEC problems. (NOTE:
In previous development releases of BIND 9.10, this utility
was called "delve". The spelling has been changed to avoid
confusion with the "delve" utility included with the Xapian
search engine.)
- Improved EDNS(0) processing for better resolver performance
and reliability over slow or lossy connections.
- A new "configure --with-tuning=large" option tunes certain
compiled-in constants and default settings to values better
suited to large servers with abundant memory. This can
improve performance on such servers, but will consume more
memory and may degrade performance on smaller systems.
- Substantial improvement in response-policy zone (RPZ)
performance. Up to 32 response-policy zones can be
configured with minimal performance loss.
- To improve recursive resolver performance, cache records
which are still being requested by clients can now be
automatically refreshed from the authoritative server
before they expire, reducing or eliminating the time
window in which no answer is available in the cache.
- New "rpz-client-ip" triggers and drop policies allowing
response policies based on the IP address of the client.
- ACLs can now be specified based on geographic location
using the MaxMind GeoIP databases. Use "configure
--with-geoip" to enable.
- Zone data can now be shared between views, allowing
multiple views to serve the same zones authoritatively
without storing multiple copies in memory.
- New XML schema (version 3) for the statistics channel
includes many new statistics and uses a flattened XML tree
for faster parsing. The older schema is now deprecated.
- A new stylesheet, based on the Google Charts API, displays
XML statistics in charts and graphs on javascript-enabled
browsers.
- The statistics channel can now provide data in JSON
format as well as XML.
- New stats counters track TCP and UDP queries received
per zone, and EDNS options received in total.
- The internal and export versions of the BIND libraries
(libisc, libdns, etc) have been unified so that external
library clients can use the same libraries as BIND itself.
- A new compile-time option, "configure --enable-native-pkcs11",
allows BIND 9 cryptography functions to use the PKCS#11 API
natively, so that BIND can drive a cryptographic hardware
service module (HSM) directly instead of using a modified
OpenSSL as an intermediary. (Note: This feature requires an
HSM to have a full implementation of the PKCS#11 API; many
current HSMs only have partial implementations. The new
"pkcs11-tokens" command can be used to check API completeness.
Native PKCS#11 is known to work with the Thales nShield HSM
and with SoftHSM version 2 from the Open DNSSEC project.)
- The new "max-zone-ttl" option enforces maximum TTLs for
zones. This can simplify the process of rolling DNSSEC keys
by guaranteeing that cached signatures will have expired
within the specified amount of time.
- "dig +subnet" sends an EDNS CLIENT-SUBNET option when
querying.
- "dig +expire" sends an EDNS EXPIRE option when querying.
When this option is sent with an SOA query to a server
that supports it, it will report the expiry time of
a slave zone.
- New "dnssec-coverage" tool to check DNSSEC key coverage
for a zone and report if a lapse in signing coverage has
been inadvertently scheduled.
- Signing algorithm flexibility and other improvements
for the "rndc" control channel.
- "named-checkzone" and "named-compilezone" can now read
journal files, allowing them to process dynamic zones.
- Multiple DLZ databases can now be configured. Individual
zones can be configured to be served from a specific DLZ
database. DLZ databases now serve zones of type "master"
and "redirect".
- "rndc zonestatus" reports information about a specified zone.
- "named" now listens on IPv6 as well as IPv4 interfaces
by default.
- "named" now preserves the capitalization of names
when responding to queries: for instance, a query for
name was configured that way in the zone file. Some
clients have a bug causing them to depend on the older
behavior, in which the case of the answer always matched
the case of the query, rather than the case of the name
configured in the DNS. Such clients can now be specified
in the new "no-case-compress" ACL; this will restore the
older behavior of "named" for those clients only.
- new "dnssec-importkey" command allows the use of offline
DNSSEC keys with automatic DNSKEY management.
- New "named-rrchecker" tool to verify the syntactic
correctness of individual resource records.
- When re-signing a zone, the new "dnssec-signzone -Q" option
drops signatures from keys that are still published but are
no longer active.
- "named-checkconf -px" will print the contents of configuration
files with the shared secrets obscured, making it easier to
share configuration (e.g. when submitting a bug report)
without revealing private information.
- "rndc scan" causes named to re-scan network interfaces for
changes in local addresses.
- On operating systems with support for routing sockets,
network interfaces are re-scanned automatically whenever
they change.
- "tsig-keygen" is now available as an alternate command
name to use for "ddns-confgen".
#### BIND 9.9.0
BIND 9.9.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.8 and earlier
releases. New features include:
- Inline signing, allowing automatic DNSSEC signing of
master zones without modification of the zonefile, or
"bump in the wire" signing in slaves.
- NXDOMAIN redirection.
- New 'rndc flushtree' command clears all data under a given
name from the DNS cache.
- New 'rndc sync' command dumps pending changes in a dynamic
- New 'rndc signing' command displays or clears signing status
records in 'auto-dnssec' zones.
- NSEC3 parameters for 'auto-dnssec' zones can now be set prior
to signing, eliminating the need to initially sign with NSEC.
- Startup time improvements on large authoritative servers.
- Slave zones are now saved in raw format by default.
- Several improvements to response policy zones (RPZ).
- Improved hardware scalability by using multiple threads
to listen for queries and using finer-grained client locking
- The 'also-notify' option now takes the same syntax as
'masters', so it can used named masterlists and TSIG keys.
- 'dnssec-signzone -D' writes an output file containing only DNSSEC
data, which can be included by the primary zone file.
- 'dnssec-signzone -R' forces removal of signatures that are
not expired but were created by a key which no longer exists.
- 'dnssec-signzone -X' allows a separate expiration date to
be specified for DNSKEY signatures from other signatures.
- New '-L' option to dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime, and
dnssec-keyfromlabel sets the default TTL for the key.
- dnssec-dsfromkey now supports reading from standard input,
to make it easier to convert DNSKEY to DS.
- RFC 1918 reverse zones have been added to the empty-zones
table per RFC 6303.
- Dynamic updates can now optionally set the zone's SOA serial
number to the current UNIX time.
- DLZ modules can now retrieve the source IP address of
the querying client.
- 'request-ixfr' option can now be set at the per-zone level.
- 'dig +rrcomments' turns on comments about DNSKEY records,
indicating their key ID, algorithm and function
- Simplified nsupdate syntax and added readline support
#### BIND 9.8.0
BIND 9.8.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.7 and earlier
releases. New features include:
- Built-in trust anchor for the root zone, which can be
switched on via "dnssec-validation auto;"
- Support for DNS64.
- Support for response policy zones (RPZ).
- Support for writable DLZ zones.
interoperability with Active Directory
- Support for GOST signing algorithm for DNSSEC.
- Removed RTT Banding from server selection algorithm.
- New "static-stub" zone type.
- Allow configuration of resolver timeouts via
"resolver-query-timeout" option.
- The DLZ "dlopen" driver is now built by default.
- Added a new include file with function typedefs
for the DLZ "dlopen" driver.
- Made "--with-gssapi" default.
- More verbose error reporting from DLZ LDAP.
#### BIND 9.7.0
BIND 9.7.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.6 and earlier
releases. Most are intended to simplify DNSSEC configuration.
New features include:
- Fully automatic signing of zones by "named".
- Simplified configuration of DNSSEC Lookaside Validation (DLV).
- Simplified configuration of Dynamic DNS, using the "ddns-confgen"
command line tool or the "local" update-policy option. (As a side
effect, this also makes it easier to configure automatic zone
re-signing.)
- New named option "attach-cache" that allows multiple views to
share a single cache.
- DNS rebinding attack prevention.
- New default values for dnssec-keygen parameters.
- Support for RFC 5011 automated trust anchor maintenance
- Smart signing: simplified tools for zone signing and key
maintenance.
- The "statistics-channels" option is now available on Windows.
- A new DNSSEC-aware libdns API for use by non-BIND9 applications
- On some platforms, named and other binaries can now print out
a stack backtrace on assertion failure, to aid in debugging.
- A "tools only" installation mode on Windows, which only installs
dig, host, nslookup and nsupdate.
- Improved PKCS#11 support, including Keyper support and explicit
OpenSSL engine selection.
#### BIND 9.6.0
- Full NSEC3 support
- Automatic zone re-signing
- New update-policy methods tcp-self and 6to4-self
- The BIND 8 resolver library, libbind, has been removed from the BIND 9
distribution and is now available as a separate download.
#### BIND 9.5.0
- GSS-TSIG support (RFC 3645).
- DHCID support.
- Experimental http server and statistics support for named via xml.
- More detailed statistics counters including those supported in BIND 8.
- Faster ACL processing.
- Use Doxygen to generate internal documentation.
- Efficient LRU cache-cleaning mechanism.
- NSID support.
BIND 9.4.0
- Implemented "additional section caching (or acache)", an internal cache
framework for additional section content to improve response performance.
Several configuration options were provided to control the behavior.
- New notify type 'master-only'. Enable notify for master zones only.
- Accept 'notify-source' style syntax for query-source.
- rndc now allows addresses to be set in the server clauses.
- New option "allow-query-cache". This lets "allow-query" be used to
specify the default zone access level rather than having to have every
zone override the global value. "allow-query-cache" can be set at both
the options and view levels. If "allow-query-cache" is not set then
"allow-recursion" is used if set, otherwise "allow-query" is used if set
unless "recursion no;" is set in which case "none;" is used, otherwise
the default (localhost; localnets;) is used.
- rndc: the source address can now be specified.
- ixfr-from-differences now takes master and slave in addition to yes and
no at the options and view levels.
- Allow the journal's name to be changed via named.conf.
- 'rndc notify zone [class [view]]' resend the NOTIFY messages for the
specified zone.
- 'dig +trace' now randomly selects the next servers to try. Report if
there is a bad delegation.
- Improve check-names error messages.
- Make public the function to read a key file, dst_key_read_public().
- allow-update is now settable at the options / view level.
- named-checkconf now checks the logging configuration.
- host now can turn on memory debugging flags with '-m'.
- Don't send notify messages to self.
- Perform sanity checks on NS records which refer to 'in zone' names.
- New zone option "notify-delay". Specify a minimum delay between sets of
NOTIFY messages.
- Extend adjusting TTL warning messages.
- Named and named-checkzone can now both check for non-terminal wildcard
records.
- named-checkconf now check acls to verify that they only refer to existing
acls.
- The server syntax has been extended to support a range of servers.
- Report differences between hints and real NS rrset and associated address
records.
- Preserve the case of domain names in rdata during zone transfers.
- Restructured the data locking framework using architecture dependent
atomic operations (when available), improving response performance on
multi-processor machines significantly. x86, x86_64, alpha, powerpc, and
mips are currently supported.
- UNIX domain controls are now supported.
- Add support for additional zone file formats for improving loading
performance. The masterfile-format option in named.conf can be used to
specify a non-default format. A separate command named-compilezone was
provided to generate zone files in the new format. Additionally, the -I
and -O options for dnssec-signzone specify the input and output formats.
- dnssec-signzone can now randomize signature end times (dnssec-signzone -j
jitter).
- Add support for CH A record.
- Add additional zone data constancy checks. named-checkzone has extended
checking of NS, MX and SRV record and the hosts they reference. named
has extended post zone load checks. New zone options: check-mx and
integrity-check.
- edns-udp-size can now be overridden on a per server basis.
- dig can now specify the EDNS version when making a query.
- Added framework for handling multiple EDNS versions.
- Additional memory debugging support to track size and mctx arguments.
- Detect duplicates of UDP queries we are recursing on and drop them. New
stats category "duplicates".
- "USE INTERNAL MALLOC" is now runtime selectable.
- The lame cache is now done on a <qname,qclass,qtype> basis as some
servers only appear to be lame for certain query types.
- Limit the number of recursive clients that can be waiting for a single
query (<qname,qtype,qclass>) to resolve. New options clients-per-query
and max-clients-per-query.
- dig: report the number of extra bytes still left in the packet after
processing all the records.
- Support for IPSECKEY rdata type.
- Raise the UDP recieve buffer size to 32k if it is less than 32k.
- x86 and x86_64 now have seperate atomic locking implementations.
- named-checkconf now validates update-policy entries.
- Attempt to make the amount of work performed in a iteration self tuning.
The covers nodes clean from the cache per iteration, nodes written to
disk when rewriting a master file and nodes destroyed per iteration when
destroying a zone or a cache.
- ISC string copy API.
- Automatic empty zone creation for D.F.IP6.ARPA and friends. Note: RFC
1918 zones are not yet covered by this but are likely to be in a future
release.
- New options: empty-server, empty-contact, empty-zones-enable and
disable-empty-zone.
- dig now has a '-q queryname' and '+showsearch' options.
- dig now warns if 'RA' is not set in the answer when 'RD' was set in the
unless a server is explicitly set.
- Integrate contibuted DLZ code into named.
- Integrate contibuted IDN code from JPNIC.
- libbind: corresponds to that from BIND 8.4.7.
#### BIND 9.3.0
- DNSSEC is now DS based (RFC 3658).
- DNSSEC lookaside validation.
- check-names is now implemented.
- rrset-order is more complete.
- IXFR deltas can now be generated when loading master files,
ixfr-from-differences.
- It is now possible to specify the size of a journal, max-journal-size.
- It is now possible to define a named set of master servers to be used in
masters clause, masters.
- The advertised EDNS UDP size can now be set, edns-udp-size.
- allow-v6-synthesis has been obsoleted.
- Zones containing MD and MF will now be rejected.
- dig, nslookup name. now report "Not Implemented" as NOTIMP rather than
NOTIMPL. This will have impact on scripts that are looking for NOTIMPL.
- libbind: corresponds to that from BIND 8.4.5.
#### BIND 9.2.0
- The size of the cache can now be limited using the "max-cache-size"
option.
- The server can now automatically convert RFC1886-style recursive lookup
requests into RFC2874-style lookups, when enabled using the new option
"allow-v6-synthesis". This allows stub resolvers that support AAAA
records but not A6 record chains or binary labels to perform lookups in
domains that make use of these IPv6 DNS features.
- Performance has been improved.
- The man pages now use the more portable "man" macros rather than the
"mandoc" macros, and are installed by "make install".
- The named.conf parser has been completely rewritten. It now supports
"include" directives in more places such as inside "view" statements, and
it no longer has any reserved words.
- The "rndc status" command is now implemented.
- rndc can now be configured automatically.
- OpenSSL has been removed from the distribution. This means that to use
DNSSEC, OpenSSL must be installed and the --with-openssl option must be
supplied to configure. This does not apply to the use of TSIG, which
does not require OpenSSL.
- The source distribution now builds on Windows. See
- This distribution also includes a new lightweight stub resolver library
and associated resolver daemon that fully support forward and reverse
lookups of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. This library is considered
experimental and is not a complete replacement for the BIND 8 resolver
library. Applications that use the BIND 8 `res_*` functions to perform
DNS lookups or dynamic updates still need to be linked against the BIND 8
libraries. For DNS lookups, they can also use the new "getrrsetbyname()"
API.
- BIND 9.2 is capable of acting as an authoritative server for DNSSEC
secured zones. This functionality is believed to be stable and complete
except for lacking support for verifications involving wildcard records
in secure zones.
- When acting as a caching server, BIND 9.2 can be configured to perform
DNSSEC secure resolution on behalf of its clients. This part of the
DNSSEC implementation is still considered experimental. For detailed
information about the state of the DNSSEC implementation, see the file